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搜集西方民間傳說~40分

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搜集西方民間傳說~40分

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A Ahuizotl(水猴) 中美洲神話中的食人水怪,半人半猴,尾部長有一隻手,用於攫取水邊的人,尤其喜食人的眼、齒和指甲。有時會用自己的哭聲把人引到水邊,將人抓住。 Aitvaras(雞龍) 立陶宛傳說中的“財神”,在室內時像一隻公雞,到了室外則幻化為龍的模樣。它在某戶人家定居下來後通常不會輕易離開,常會給這戶人家帶來飛來橫財,但由於這些錢財大多是偷來的,因此也會給這家人平添很多麻煩。你可以從魔鬼處購買雞龍,代價是必須像浮士德那樣交出自己的靈魂。 芬蘭傳說中的惡龍(Ajatar)與它有著相同的淵源,不過這條惡龍並不會給人帶來什麼財富,只會生育毒蛇,製造瘟疫和疾病。 Al(埃爾) 在古波斯人的傳說中,埃爾是半人半獸怪,渾身上下披滿毛髮,擁有野豬的獠牙,鋼鐵般堅硬的爪和齒,眼睛象兩團烈火,通常居住在沼澤地中,喜食新生的嬰兒。在阿富汗傳說中,Al是一些長髮飄飄的女妖,指甲很長,喜食屍體上的腐肉。 Alan(亞倫) 菲律賓傳說中淘氣的半人半鳥怪,居住在森林中,腳趾長在手上,手指長在腳上,常常倒挂於枝端。它們對人很友好,在菲律賓傳說中曾經撫養過一些很有名的英雄。 Alcmene(阿爾克墨涅) 底比斯國王安菲特律翁之妻,被宙斯誘姦後生下大力神赫勒克裏斯。阿爾克墨涅精通織布,曾向雅典娜挑戰織布技巧,因落敗而自殺,雅典娜將其靈魂轉生為蜘蛛,上半身為女人,下半身為蜘蛛,像蜘蛛一樣長有八隻腳,生活在一張巨大的蜘蛛網內不停地織布。傳說她會寄生在人的腦中,吞噬人的意志。 Ammut(阿穆特) 古埃及的鱷頭獅身怪,後半身似河馬,喜食腐肉。傳說中它是死而復生的埃及之王奧西裏斯(Osiris,在繪畫中表現為手持節杖和鞭坐在王位上)的手下,奧西裏斯也是古埃及傳說中的冥世之王,所有亡靈都必須經冥世法庭的審判,奧西裏斯佩帶王冠坐在寶座上,寶座旁是Ammut以及由42位冥神組成的陪審團,法庭中央放著一個大秤,秤的一邊放上真理之羽,另一邊放上受審者的心,被判定有罪的亡靈將成為Ammut的口中餐。 Amphisbana(雙頭蜥) 希臘語“Amphisbana”的意思是“雙管齊下”,雙頭蜥的兩個頭並非長在一起,而是身體前後兩端各一個,並且擁有兩雙閃閃發光的眼睛。古羅馬時期的著名科學家普林尼曾經記錄了這種怪物的藥用,據說活的雙頭蜥可以保護孕婦,死的雙頭蜥可以治療風濕病。 Argus Panoptes(百眼巨人) 希臘語“Argus”的意思是“明亮的”、“明察秋毫的”,之所以被賦予這個名字,是因為它擁有一百隻眼睛,這些眼睛遍佈渾身上下,即便在睡著的時候,也有兩隻眼始終警惕地睜著。可怕的厄喀德那(見Echinda)就是在熟睡的時候被百眼巨人殺死的,但百眼巨人最終也被赫爾墨斯所殺,赫爾墨斯誘其入睡並割下他的頭顱,宙斯之妻赫拉把他的眼睛剜出,安在孔雀的尾部,所以孔雀才會有如此美麗的尾巴。百眼巨人的故事在奧維德的《變形記》第一卷中有記載。 Atlas(阿特拉斯) 希臘神話中雙肩撐天的巨人,巨人族被神族征服後,神族命普羅米修斯造人,命阿特拉斯巨人負天。大力神赫拉克勒斯奉命前往聖園偷金蘋果的時候,普羅米修斯建議他派阿特拉斯去完成這個任務,於是赫拉克勒斯答應在阿特拉斯離開的這段時間裏親自負天,沒想到阿特拉斯在摘得金蘋果後不願再從赫拉克勒斯的肩上把青天接過來,赫拉克勒斯只好用計脫身。 B Ba(巴) 埃及神話中代表靈魂的人頭鳥身怪。古埃及人對死亡有著獨特的理解,他們將人分為Ka和Ba兩個部分:Ka的意思是“雙倍的”,代表人的肉體;Ba則是一隻人頭鳥身怪,代表不朽的靈魂。埃及人之所以製作木乃伊就是因為他們相信在3000年以後,死者的這兩個部分將會重新結合併獲得新生。

其他解答:

Urban legend From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For the 1998 film, see Urban Legend (film). For the T.I. album, see Urban Legend (album). For the 2007 IAFF video on Rudy Giuliani, see Rudy Giuliani: Urban Legend. An urban legend or a urban myth is similar to a modern folklore consisting of stories thought to be factual by those circulating them. The term is often used to mean something akin to an "apocryphal story". Urban legends are not necessarily untrue, but they are often distorted, exaggerated, or sensationalized over time. Despite the name, a typical urban legend does not necessarily originate in an urban setting. The term is simply used to differentiate modern legend from traditional folklore in preindustrial times. Urban legends are sometimes repeated in news stories and, in recent years, distributed by e-mail. People frequently allege that such tales happened to a "friend of a friend"—so often, in fact, that "friend of a friend", or "FOAF", has become a commonly used term when recounting this type of story. Some urban legends have passed through the years, with only minor changes to suit regional variations. One example as such is the story of a woman killed by spiders nesting in her elaborate hairdo. More recent legends tend to reflect modern circumstances, like the story of people ambushed, anesthetized, and waking up minus one kidney, which was surgically removed for transplantation. Contents[hide] 1 Origins 2 Structure 3 Propagation and belief 4 Other terminology 5 Documenting urban legends 6 Well-known topics of urban legends 7 See also 8 External links 9 References [edit] Origins The first study of the concept now described as an "urban legend" seems to be Edgar Morin's La Rumeur d'Orléans (in French) in 1969. Jan Harold Brunvand, professor emeritus of English at the University of Utah in the United States, used the term "urban legend" in print as early as 1979 in a book review appearing in the Journal of American Folklore 92:362. Even at that time, researchers had been writing about the phenomenon for a long time, but with varying terminology. Brunvand used his collection of legends, The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends & Their Meanings, to make two points: first, that legends, myths, and folklore do not occur exclusively in so-called primitive or traditional societies, and second, that one could learn much about urban and modern culture by studying such tales. Brunvand has since published a series of similar books, and is credited as the first to use the term vector (inspired by the concept of a biological vectors) to describe a person or entity passing on an urban legend.
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